Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. was born in St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica. Self-taught, Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, dedicated to promoting Africa. William Pickens. Marcus Garvey walks the streets of Harlem, New York. The movement for an African Republic – led for and by black people – is gaining strength in the streets of. Search the history of billions of web pages on the Internet. Search the Wayback Machine. An illustration of a magnifying glass. Mobile app. Wayback Machine iOS Marcus Garvey and the Back to Africa Movement by Stuart A. Kallen. Publication TopicsThen in the 18th century, Marcus Garvey led another return-to-Africa movement that ultimately failed. His Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) was scorned by the black community and. Born in Saint Ann's Bay, Jamaica as Marcus Mosiah Garvey, he grew up believing his family was of African descent. His paternal great-grandfather was a slave, which meant his last name reflected that of the slave owner. Garvey's parents, Garvey Sr. and Sarah Richards, were stonemasons and servants. Source - Face Africa - the late Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. presented his famous “Return to Africa” program in New York. The program encouraged the black community living abroad as slaves to return to their home countries in Africa. She was part of a social movement called the Universal Negro Improvement Association.