Abstract. Selecting a study design is the most critical step in research methodology. Crucial factors need to be considered while selecting the study design, i.e. the research question formulated, as well as the method of participant selection. Different study designs can be applied to the same research. Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data, for example text, video or audio, to understand concepts, opinions or experiences. It can be used to gather in-depth information about a problem or generate new research ideas. Qualitative research is the opposite of quantitative research, which involves collecting and. It is important to note that these non-experimental designs are significantly weaker than quasi-experimental designs in their ability to draw conclusions about potential relationships between an intervention and an outcome of interest. Fong et al. Gliner et al. However, if the data is available, revised it. In a longitudinal study, researchers examine the same individuals repeatedly to detect any changes that may occur over time. Longitudinal studies are a type of correlational research in which researchers observe and collect data on a number of variables without trying to influence those variables. The first type is known as the non-experimental descriptive research method, in which the fundamental concern of the researcher lies in describing certain phenomena of interest or documenting its characteristics Belli, n.d. This typology is mainly used to document the status quo of a phenomenon studied or to respond to a need. You can also create a mixed methods research design that contains elements of both. Descriptive vs experimental. Descriptive research gathers data without controlling any variables, while experimental research manipulates and controls variables to determine cause and effect. Would you like to identify characteristics, patterns and, The research design used in this study was quantitative, non-experimental, which is a predominant design used in the social sciences when there are predictive variables that researchers cannot . 3. Integration of quantitative and qualitative research process is the stage where quantitative and qualitative methods are mixed or integrated into the research process Greene, Caracelli, amp Graham, 1989 Tashakkori and Teddlie, 1998 Creswell et al. 2003. Mixture can occur early in the study when the researcher is, Section Introduction: Quantitative research uses the scientific method to evaluate theories or problems by testing specific hypotheses involving the relationship between or differences between variables . Variables are measured using numerical data, allowing statistical procedures to be used for mathematical analysis. Many attempts at quasi-non-experimental and experimental types of research. It is widely accepted that non-experimental research is not scientific and therefore requires an understanding of experimental and non-experimental research. In response to the essay, I agree that experimental studies use two variables. The first variable is a. A good experimental design requires a solid understanding of the system you are studying. There are five key steps to designing an experiment: Consider your variables and how they are related. Write a specific hypothesis