Description of the Cross-Cultural Study Kulkofsky et al., This study compared FBM participants in five different countries. Individualism score, parentheses: United States 91 United Kingdom 89, Germany, The same applies to Chicago. Footnotes: 1. Rachel Johnson et al. Miami Architecture Styles: Classic Press, 2021. Conclusion. Understanding how to use et al. with your referencing style is crucial to maintaining consistency and clarity in your academic writing. It streamlines references to sources with multiple authors and ensures that, generally, Chicago Style has two basic documentation systems: Notes and Bibliography Note: However, in the note you cite the first author and follow it with et al . Example: 2. Dana Barnes et al. Plastics: Essays on American Corporate Ascendance in s, New York: Putnam, 2018, 44-45. Chicago style is an author-date style, so the in-text citation consists of the author's name and year of publication given in whole or in part in parentheses. Millon et al. 2000 Millon, Theodore, Roger Davis, Carrie Millon, Luis Escovar and Sarah Meagher. 2000. Personality Disorders in Modern Life. New York: Wiley. According to the journal's style guide, footnotes should include the first author and not et al – all authors listed in the bibliography. Using the CSL visual editor, in the contributors-short macro, I can see that the, and -al -min and, and -al -use-first is null. Example of a short note. 2. Woolf, “Modern Fiction,” 11. Guidelines for using short and full notes may vary across fields and institutions. Sometimes you may need to use a full footnote for each citation, or use a short footnote each time, as long as all sources appear in the Chicago-style bibliography. Chicago Manual recommends listing up to ten authors in the bibliography before using et al. . see. 76 The APA does not use et al. in the bibliography, although once you have more than seven authors you will get an ellipsis between the sixth and last author. But since we're here, that doesn't apply here either.